QISHLOQ XO‘JALIGI EKINLARIDA O‘G‘ITLAR ISTE’MOLINI OPTIMALLASHTIRISH

Abstract

This paper analyzes trends in mineral fertilizer consumption in global agriculture and in the Republic of Uzbekistan over the period 2010–2025, using statistical data from FAO, the International Fertilizer Association (IFA), and the World Bank. The results indicate that increasing fertilizer application rates does not necessarily lead to proportional yield growth, particularly under irrigated farming systems. In Uzbekistan, relatively low nutrient use efficiency (NUE) is associated with soil salinization, nutrient losses, and insufficient soil organic matter content. The study discusses environmental risks linked to excessive fertilizer use, including water pollution and soil degradation. Precision agriculture technologies, the 4R nutrient stewardship framework, and integrated use of organic and mineral nutrient sources are identified as key pathways to improve fertilizer efficiency and ensure long-term soil fertility. The findings provide scientific support for policy development and practical recommendations aimed at enhancing sustainable fertilizer management in irrigated agricultural systems.